Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents

Meryem Kaşak; Hakan Öğütlü; Uğur Doğan; Esra Çöp; Yura Loscalzo

doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

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Original Research

PBS. 2024; 14(2): 143-154

doi: 10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents

Meryem Kaşak, Hakan Öğütlü, Uğur Doğan, Esra Çöp, Yura Loscalzo.

Abstract
Objective: Hikikomori, a severe social withdrawal condition, has become increasingly important in Western societies. The HRI-24 is a new tool for assessing Hikikomori risk in Eastern and Western samples with good psychometric properties. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the HRI-24 in pre-adolescents and adolescents.
Method: We recruited 600 pre-adolescents and adolescents (clinic sample = 265, community sample = 335) aged between 12 and 18 years. They filled the HRI-24, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS-4), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor model of the HRI-24 Turkish version. Moreover, the reliability analysis showed good internal consistency values for all the subscales and the total score. Finally, the HRI-24 total score was negatively and significantly correlated with BSSS-4 but positively and significantly correlated with SDQ, showing good convergent and divergent validity.
Conclusions: The HRI-24 scale is valid for screening Hikikomori risk in Turkish pre-adolescents and adolescents in both clinical and community samples. In addition, we provided first data about the Hikikomori profile of Turkish adolescents. Finally, this study also supported the cross-cultural validity of the Hikikomori construct and HRI-24.

Key words: Hikikomori, adolescents, social isolation, social withdrawal, screening

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Kaşak M, Oğutlu H, Doğan U, Cop E, Loscalzo Y. Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. PBS. 2024; 14(2): 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Web Style

Kaşak M, Oğutlu H, Doğan U, Cop E, Loscalzo Y. Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. https://www.pbsciences.org/?mno=174626 [Access: September 12, 2024]. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kaşak M, Oğutlu H, Doğan U, Cop E, Loscalzo Y. Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. PBS. 2024; 14(2): 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kaşak M, Oğutlu H, Doğan U, Cop E, Loscalzo Y. Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. PBS. (2024), [cited September 12, 2024]; 14(2): 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Harvard Style

Kaşak, M., Oğutlu, . H., Doğan, . U., Cop, . E. & Loscalzo, . Y. (2024) Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. PBS, 14 (2), 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Turabian Style

Kaşak, Meryem, Hakan Oğutlu, Uğur Doğan, Esra Cop, and Yura Loscalzo. 2024. Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 14 (2), 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

Chicago Style

Kaşak, Meryem, Hakan Oğutlu, Uğur Doğan, Esra Cop, and Yura Loscalzo. "Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents." Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 14 (2024), 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kaşak, M., Oğutlu, . H., Doğan, . U., Cop, . E. & Loscalzo, . Y. (2024) Psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24)in Turkish Pre-adolescents and Adolescents. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 14 (2), 143-154. doi:10.5455/PBS.20231028034337

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